Specific Gravity

what is Specific Gravity ?

          Specific Gravity is defined as the ratio of the weight density (or density) of a fluid to the weight density (or density) of a standard fluid. For liquids, the standard fluid is taken water and for gases, the standard fluid is taken air. Specific Gravity is also called relative density.   CLICK HERE

It is dimensionless quantity and is denoted by symbol S. 

Mathematically, S (for liquids) = Density of liquid / Density of water 

                     S (for gases) = Density of gas / Density of air

The weight density of a liquid = S x Weight density of water

                                             = S x 1000 x 9.81 N/m^3

             The density of a liquid= S x 1000 kg/m^3    CLICK HERE 

If the Specific Gravity of a fluid is known, then the Density of the fluid will be equal to Specific Gravity of fluid multiplied by the density of water. For example, the Specific Gravity of mercury is 13.6 . Hence the Density of mercury = 13.6 x 1000 = 13600 kg/m^3. CLICK HERE

what is Specific Volume ? 

          Specific volume of a fluid is defined as the volume of a fluid occupied by a unit mass or volume per unit mass of a fluid is called  Specific volume.   CLICK HERE

Mathematically, Specific Volume = volume of fluid / mass of fluid 

                        = 1 / Density

       

The  Specific volume is the reciprocal of mass density. CLICK HERE

It is expressed as m^3/kg .It is commonly applied to gases.
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